By default pdftex, or xelatex if fontspec is used.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{iftex}
\newcommand\test[1]{\par\expandafter#1\string#1: true\fi}
\begin{document}
\ttfamily
\test\ifpdftex
\test\ifluatex
\test\ifxetex
\test\ifptex
\test\ifuptex
\end{document}
lualatex
%!TEX lualatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{iftex}
\newcommand\test[1]{\par\expandafter#1\string#1: true\fi}
\begin{document}
\ttfamily
\test\ifpdftex
\test\ifluatex
\test\ifxetex
\test\ifptex
\test\ifuptex
\end{document}
xelatex
%!TEX xelatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{iftex}
\newcommand\test[1]{\par\expandafter#1\string#1: true\fi}
\begin{document}
\ttfamily
\test\ifpdftex
\test\ifluatex
\test\ifxetex
\test\ifptex
\test\ifuptex
\end{document}
Multiple engine comments may be used, all but the first are ignored. uplatex is used here.
%!TEX uplatex
%!TEX xelatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{iftex}
\newcommand\test[1]{\par\expandafter#1\string#1: true\fi}
\begin{document}
\ttfamily
\test\ifpdftex
\test\ifluatex
\test\ifxetex
\test\ifptex
\test\ifuptex
\end{document}
By default using the PDF.js library to render the PDF.
\documentclass{article}
\showoutput
\begin{document}
Example equation
\[e=mc^2\]
\end{document}
The browser's default action for PDF files.
%!TeX pdf
\documentclass{article}
\showoutput
\begin{document}
Example equation
\[e=mc^2\]
\end{document}
Returning the log file as plain text.
%!TeX log
\documentclass{article}
\showoutput
\begin{document}
Example equation
\[e=mc^2\]
\end{document}
Multiple !TEX makeindex may be used, each sets a makeindex[]
parameter in the form submission.
% !TEX makeindex document
% !TEX makeindex -s nomencl.ist -o document.nls -t document.nlg document.nlo
\documentclass[oneside,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\makeindex
\usepackage{nomencl}
\makenomenclature
\begin{document}
Testing\index{testing} nomenclature\index{nomenclature}
\[
E = mc^2
\]
\nomenclature{$E$}{Energy}
\nomenclature{$m$}{Mass}
\nomenclature{$c$}{Speed of Light}
\begin{center}
\begin{minipage}[t]{.45\linewidth}
\printnomenclature
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{.45\linewidth}
\renewenvironment{theindex}{%
\section*{\indexname}}{}
\printindex
\end{minipage}
\end{center}
\end{document}