There are good TeX-writing environments and editors for most operating systems; some are described below, but this is only a personal selection:
GNU emacs and XEmacs are supported by the AUC-TeX bundle (available from CTAN). AUC-TeX provides menu items and control sequences for common constructs, checks syntax, lays out markup nicely, lets you call TeX and drivers from within the editor, and everything else like this that you can think of. Complex, but very powerful.
Vim is also highly configurable (also available for Windows and Macintosh systems). Many plugins are available to support the needs of the (La)TeX user, including syntax highlighting, calling TeX programs, auto-insertion and -completion of common (La)TeX structures, and browsing LaTeX help. The scripts auctex.vim and bibtex.vim seem to be the most common recommendations.
The editor NEdit is also free and programmable, and is available for Unix systems. An AUC-TeX-alike set of extensions for NEdit is available from CTAN.
LaTeX4Jed provides much enhanced LaTeX support for the jed editor. LaTeX4Jed is similar to AUC-TeX: menus, shortcuts, templates, syntax highlighting, document outline, integrated debugging, symbol completion, full integration with external programs, and more. It was designed with both the beginner and the advanced LaTeX user in mind.
The Kile editor that is provided with the KDE window manager provides GUI “shell-like” facilities, in a similar way to the widely-praised Winedt (see below); details (and downloads) are available from the project’s home on SourceForge.
TUG is sponsoring the development of a cross-platform editor and shell, modelled on the excellent TeXshop for the Macintosh. The result, TeXworks, is recommended: if you’re looking for a (La)TeX development environment, it may be for you. (It is distributed with both texlive and MiKTeX.)
A possible alternative is TeXstudio
TeXworks (see above) is also available for Windows systems.
Winedt, a shareware package, is also highly spoken of. It too provides a shell for the use of TeX and related programs, as well as a powerful and well-configured editor. The editor can generate its output in UTF-8 (to some extent), which is useful when working with XeTeX (and other “next-generation” (La)TeX applications).
Both emacs and vim are available in versions for Windows systems.
Vim is also available for use on Macintosh systems.
The commercial Textures provides an excellent integrated Macintosh environment with its own editor. More powerful still (as an editor) is the shareware Alpha which is extensible enough to let you perform almost any TeX-related job. It also works well with OzTeX. From release 2.2.0 (at least), Textures works under Mac OS/X.
While many (La)TeX-oriented editors can support work on BibTeX files, there are many systems that provide specific “database-like” access to your BibTeX files — see “creating a bibliography file”.
This answer last edited: 2013-05-20
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